Fossil Fuels and Climate Change Essay - 1208 Words

In this paper, we focus on using fossil fuels causing climate change. Fossil fuels are fuels formed natural resources such as coal, petroleum and natural gas, which are the most widely used fuel and industrial chemicals in the world. Since industrial revolution, fossil fuels bring a very great quantity convenience and technological products. So we can use cars, planes and all modern products. But fossil fuels cause climate change at the same time. Greenhouse gas, nitrous oxides and a great deal of harmful gas which are from fossil fuels are causing serious environmental problems. Therefore we need to be concerned about the problems caused by fossil fuels and the solutions. From human entered industrial civilization era. Our human beings†¦show more content†¦Some nitrous oxides sulfur oxides lead to acid rain. It can have harmful effects on plants, animals and buildings. Oil spill in Gulf of Mexico this year caused ecological disaster. â€Å"An explosion occurred on the semi -submersible offshore drilling rig Deepwater Horizon in the Gulf of Mexico, killing 11 rig workers and injuring 17 others. On April 24, it was found that the wellhead was damaged and was leaking oil into the Gulf. This significant spill poses a serious threat to wildlife, affecting as many as 400 species along the coastal areas of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida.† (Curry L. Hagerty, 2010) The number of fossil fuels is limited. Even they are enough now. Are they still enough in 50 years? So it is a time for our human beings to decide how to deal with the relationship with fossil fuels. When I am writing this essay, Jiangsu province is suffering from the most serious drought from last 50 years. Suzhou, a city should have been rainy. But I almost have not seen rain since I come to Suzhou. â€Å"Climate changes caused by human activities, most importantly the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) and deforestation, are superimposed on, and to some exte nt masked by, natural fluctuations.†(Hamburg, S. et al, 1997) Due to these violent human activities, those kinds of extreme phenomena are becoming much more popular than before. Human burning countless fossil fuels recklessly lead to tooShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Climate Change On Fossil Fuels1431 Words   |  6 PagesThe definition of climate change is â€Å"a change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.† (Google Dictionary). Due to our dependence on fossil fuels as our main source for energy and our carbon dioxide emissions over decades, climate change has rapidly emerged on Earth. Yet, we still have those who deny any scientificRead MoreAnthropogenic Climate Change Through Technology, Fossil Fuels, And Emissions1728 Words   |  7 PagesAnthropogenic Climate Change Anthropogenic climate change alludes to the generation of greenhouse gasses radiated by human activities. By analyzing the polar ice centers, researchers are persuaded that human activity has expanded the extent of greenhouse gasses in the environment, which has soared in the course of the last few centuries. Thesis Statement To study how anthropogenic climate change through technology, fossil fuels, and emissions. Introduction Human beings have always been a highlyRead MoreIs Fossil Fuel Based Energy The Threat From Climate Change?1950 Words   |  8 PagesAs our society continues to use primarily fossil fuel based energy the threat from climate change is ever-growing. Never the less, denial of human influences of climate change is slowing efforts to stop it. As a result, we currently face a crisis where far from enough is being done to improve our energy system and mitigate the damage caused by a warming global climate. The development of the climate change issue to where it is today has been made up of two parts: greenhouse gas outputs and the politicalRead MoreClimate Change Is A Change Of Weather Patterns That Lasts For A Long Duration Essay1372 Words   |  6 PagesClimate Change is a change of weather patterns that lasts for a long duration. Climate change can be caused by the ‘greenhouse effect’. Humans create greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels, electricity production and more. These gases trap the sun’s heat in the atmosphere and increase the earth’s overall temperature. This process is also called Global Warming which can cause more natural disasters like floods and droughts. Climate change is an existent global issue that started since 1880 whenRead MoreHuman Activity And Climate Change1141 Words   |  5 PagesAND CLIMATE CHANGE WILLIAM WRIGHT GRANTHAM UNIVERSITY In this paper I will discuss Human Activity and Climate Change. I will discuss different human activities that might affect climate change, things such as the burning of fossil fuels and how they might contribute to climate change. To begin I will discuss what the definition of climate change. Climate change is the change in the atmosphere by the amounts of carbon dioxide levels that come from using fossil fuels. ClimateRead MoreBiomass Essay1094 Words   |  5 Pagesconventional energy fossil fuels. The objectives of this review report is to evaluate the processes how briquettes are produced from agricultural wastes/residues and To compare the intensity of greenhouse gas emission using briquettes of agricultural wastes/residues with other forms of energy sources especially fossil fuels. Thus agricultural residue biomass energy available for climate change mitigation by reducing the amount of greenhouse gases emission from using fossil fuels and the pollutionsRead MoreThe Miscon ceptions Of Renewable Energy Vehicles1694 Words   |  7 Pagesthe next large advancement for society. The main reasoning for this, as a use for vehicles’ energy, is because many people believe that renewable energy is necessary to stop climate change. And these people believe this misconception because of green house gases, which are released from the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels create most of the world’s power, which leads to the creation of green house gas emissions, which is why they are usually considered to be â€Å"bad†. Emissions from vehicles are responsibleRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On The Environment1215 Words   |  5 Pagesburning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, increased the amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, the clearing of land for agriculture, industry, and other human activities have increased the concentration of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere, causing human induced climate change. Climate cha nge is an issue that has kit a peak on our planet and needs to be stopped. It is defined as a change in global or regional climate patterns, or a long term climate change in Earth’s climate. I proposeRead MoreHuman Activity Is Responsible For Our Current Warming Trend1598 Words   |  7 PagesThe biggest problem with climate change today is the debate on whether or not human activity is responsible for our current warming trend. According to Jonathon Schuldt (2014:219), around 99.7% of climatologists agree that man-made climate change is a reality, while only 40% of Americans believe that humans are the main driver. This is because we live in societies in which, thanks largely to the internet, everyone is free to express an opinion. On the issue of climate change, we have tons of sitesRead MoreFossil Fuels : An Essential Foundation1416 Words   |  6 Pagesthe dawn of the Industrial Revolution, fossil fuels have become an essential foundation in the innovative endeavors of mankind. Not only has it supported human advancement, but it is virtually ubiquitous in its use and its versatility provides for a strong mechanical prospect. Yet, these prehistoric sources of energy have lately been identified to be a major source of an onset against the well-being of the Earth. Because of the adverse effects of fossil fuels, the effort placed into the solutions

How Demographic Characteristics Influences The Provision...

In this report I will be describing and investigating how demographic characteristics influences the provision of Spalding’s local health and social services. The demographic factors underpin how services are planned and carried out. Understanding and examining the demographic characteristics helps the Lincolnshire council to plan the delivery of the health, social and early years’ services that best suites the local services users within Lincolnshire. If the care, social and early year practises and services are well planned they respond to the aims of the evolving needs and priorities of the of the service users at a local level while also combating the national problems. It is fundamentally important that all service users work in†¦show more content†¦summarily planning also considers the national targets, objectives and care standards which are produced by the English government. The demographic could be defined at a national and local area, these factors could include: the number of single parents; the number of children under 4 years old (under schooling age); the number of people unemployed, employed or retired; the death rate and the ages of those people who die; the number of people who are registered as disabled. The number of these people are considered and also the distribution across the UK and within the local area. During the investigation in this report I will be focusing on two local demographic influences these will include the age and the health requirements of Lincolnshire. Local governments plan health, social and childcare initiatives by developing them around established targets, national service frameworks, local health strategy targets and national health authority targets that are set by the government. Not only do these set standards give a guidance as to the standard of care that needs to be given, they also serve as standard for which successful improvement that the initiatives are having. Age distribution of the population The proportion of people in different age ranges is a significant factor that

The Holocaust Its Causes And How It Was Carried Out

Destiny Corbitt Shawn Underell The Holocaust 21 February 2016 The Holocaust The holocaust is one of the memorable events in history and it is important to know some of its causes and how it was carried out. The Holocaust is a controlled torture that killed roughly six million Jews by the Nazi government, led by Adolf Hitler. Apart from the Jews, other groups considered inferior or anti-establishment such as Poles, Romans and gypsies were also killed. There were several reasons for these grisly murders, inhuman detention and subjections of the victims to forced labor while starving. The word Holocaust comes from the Greek words (Holos-Whole) and (Kaustos-Burned). It was used to describe a sacrificial offering burning to an Altar. To the anti-Semitic Nazi leader Adolf Hitler jews were an alien threat to German racial purity and community. (History.com, 2009) When the class started to read  ¨Night ¨ I began wondering why Hitler hated the jews and why he started the holocaust, so I started doing research and asking questions. The biggest question I asked myself, â€Å"Why did Hitler start the holocaust?† This is what I found. Hitler did not make the Holocaust happen by himself, many Germans and non-Germans contributed to, or benefited from the so-called â€Å"Final Solution† (the term used by the Nazis for their plan to annihilate the European Jews). German government, military, and Nazi Party officials who planned and implemented policies aimed at persecuting and murdering the EuropeanShow MoreRelatedThe World Reacted Towards The Act Of Genocide Essay1081 Words   |  5 Pagesdeliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, or cultural group† . Killing groups of people based on their religious preference, sexual orientation, and even just for punishment. You might be thinking, what actually causes a person (or leader) to commit genocide? How has the world reacted towards the act of genocide? Finally, what groups have been affected by genocide? Many reasons as to why genocide occurs, it is because a leader or group, wants to organize an ‘ethnic cleanse’ or prejudiceRead MoreMedical Knowledge Gained from the Holocaust800 Words   |  4 PagesMedical Knowledge Gained from the Holocaust During the Holocaust, the Nazis carried out many unethical medical experiments on patients without regard for their survival. Prisoners were forced to be subjects in various studies against their will. The Nazis’ victims went through indescribable pain as they were forced through high-altitude, freezing, tuberculosis, sea water, sulfanilamide, poison, and transplant experiments. Through these tragic Holocaust experiments, scientists and doctors discoveredRead MoreThe Horrors Of The Holocaust1605 Words   |  7 PagesSpeculations about the grim events during the very horrific Holocaust are unfortunately being denied stating it was not as gruesome as many may have stated it was or did not even exist to begin with. This is not only outrageous but disrespectful to those who lost their lives during the gruesome time. History states that the Holocaust was a period in time where a very fascist dictator, Adolf Hitler, killed over six million European Jews who did not fit the criteri a of genetically having blonde hairRead MoreSocial Forces Of The Holocaust1534 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough an incredibly traumatic event. The Holocaust is the traumatic event that hit Germany beginning in the 1930’s. The Holocaust was a period in time from 1933 to 1945, in which Jews experienced discrimination. Out of nine million Jews that were living in Germany, over half of them were killed in the Holocaust. All the Jews that were killed were killed because of prejudice and discrimination against them. An event as traumatic and massive as the Holocaust has no choice but to affect the countryRead MoreThe Extermination Of The Jewish Heritage And Small Ratio Of Other People1096 Words   |  5 PagesFor some, it seems as if it was in another life time, but for others it will be something they will never forget. The holocaust was the extermination of the Jewish heritage and small ratio of other people whom Hitler considered inferior. It took place during 1933 to 1945. Adolf Hitler and his creation of the Nazi party in Germany led to this effort. About 12 million people were murdered, half of them being Jews. When Hitler took control over Germany that is when everything changed. Hitler had veryRead MoreThe Destruction Of The Holocaust933 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"peculiar virulence†, in which Jews were resented simultaneously as both masses and elites, it was not the sole reason for the Holocaust. Those who insist that mass hatred and murder are natural among humans are incorrect, because anti-Semitism did not cause â€Å"inhabitants of a town or a village to simply fallen upon their Jewish neighbors and slaughtered them.† Yet, when asked about the cause of the Holocaust, many readily assume it to be anti-Semitism. Anti-Semitism existed throughout Europe beforeRead MoreHolocaust Paper997 Words   |  4 Pages English Holocaust Paper The Holocaust was one of the largest genocides in the history of the world. An estimated amount of over 11 million people were killed over that Dark Age in human history. All caused by the horrid visions of one man Adolf Hitler. The Holocaust to me is proof that widespread chaos can be caused by ill set speeches. Adolf was said to be one of the best speakers of his age. He convinced hundreds of thousands of German people that his cause was noble and just. ThisRead MoreThe Holocaust : The Most Inexplicable And Heinous Periods Of Modern Human History1450 Words   |  6 PagesThe Holocaust is one of the most inexplicable and heinous periods of modern human history. Historians have spent years trying to understand why the perpetrators did what they did, and why the victims reacted in the ways that they did. For those who experienced it, the Holocaust was a time when very little made sense and lives were turned upside down and left looking nothing like they previously did. Despite stud ying the event for years, survivors and historians are still left bewildered at how suchRead MoreReview of Peter Longerichs Holocaust1153 Words   |  5 PagesPeter Longerichs Holocaust: The Nazi Persecution and Murder of the Jews is a recent contribution to the contemporary scholarly literature on the subject. The book was originally published in 1998 in German, under the title Politik der Vernichtung, Politics of Destruction. This 2010 English-language release is, as the author claims, shorter in some areas and longer in others. The primary additions include a chapter on anti-Semitism in the Weimar Republic, which adds considerable meat to the contextualRead MoreAdolf Hitler and the Holocaust1249 Words   |  5 PagesAdolf Hitler was the driving force behind the Holocaust. Many people think he was insane to torture the human race that way. Others praise him for attempting to exterminate the Jewish people. Some wonder what was going on inside his head when he had the first thought and/or plan of the Holocaust. A majority of the world just want to know what drove him or what made him hate the Jewish race so much. Studying Adolf Hitler’s beliefs can give the world history because he gave the world an insight

Drunk as drunk free essay sample

Drunk as drunk This poem is about the lustful relationship between two people. The pair lay in the flowers under the night sky and kiss each other til what seems like months later. I think the couple depicted are in the early stages of their relationship. They spend all day with their bodies pressed against one another and kiss in the flowers. They are so consumed in each other that they neglect sleep, food, and water. I think its all a bit exaggerated but it is definitely depicting a young, passionate love. Neruda uses many similes in this poem for the effect of creating a pair of lust filled lovers. He likens them to fish under a net of our kisses. The two spend all of their time together, and cant think of anything other than that. He also uses imagery, saying miour wet body wedged between my wet body and the strake of our boat that is made of flowers. He uses imagery to depict two lovers lying on the grass, and pressed against each others bodies. He makes it seem like the lust (and love) between these people is wedged together, i. . inseparable. The tone of the poem is very loving and romantic. The narrator is one of the lovers, which makes you see their connection better. The use of similes, metaphors and tone in this poem show the strength of Nerudas writing. He makes you drunk as drunk on turpentine from his writing. Girl. Themes The Danger of Female Sexuality Even though the daughter doesnt seem to have yet reached adolescence, the mother worries that her current behavior, if continued, will lead to a life of promiscuity. The mother believes that a womans reputation or respectability determines the quality of her life in the community. Sexuality, therefore, must be carefully guarded and even concealed to maintain a respectable front. Consequently, the mother links many angential objects and tasks to the taboo topic of sexuality, such as squeezing bread before buying it, and much of her advice centers on how to uphold respectability. She scolds her daughter for the way she walks, the way she plays marbles, and how she relates to other people. The mothers constant emphasis on this theme shows how much she wants her daughter to realize that she is not a boy and that she needs to act in a way that will win her respect from the community. The Transformative Power of Domesticity The mother believes that domestic knowledge will not only save her daughter from a ife of promiscuity and ruin but will also empower her as the head of her household and a productive member of the community. She basically believes that there are only two types of women: the respectable kind and the sluts. Undoubtedly for many Antiguan women, domestic knowledge leads to productivity, which in turn wins respect from family and society. Household work therefore brings power and even prestige to women in addition to keeping them busy and away from temptation. Readers recognize the reverence the mother has for the power of domesticity because of the numerous specific instructions she gives her daughter, such as how to ook pumpkin fritters, sweep, grow okra, buy bread, and wash clothes. For her, domesticity brings respectability; sewing up a dress hem thus becomes more than an community. Motifs The mother repeatedly emphasizes food throughout her lecture to reinforce her belief that happiness comes from domesticity. The acts†and art†of making pumpkin fritters, tea, bread pudding, doukona, and pepper pot thus take on greater meaning as elements that link women to their families, their households, and the greater community. In many ways, food will also be the mothers greatest legacy as he passes old family recipes and culinary traditions down to her daughter and future generations of women. Interestingly, foods such as doukonaand pepper pot also act as anchors that squarely place the story in Antigua and the Caribbean. Mentioning these specific regional foods allows Kincaid to recreate a world thats vivid and different from our own without ruining the storys structure with unnecessary descriptions. Cloth Cloth and its relationship to appearances and proper housekeeping reappear throughout the story to highlight the importance of respectability. The mother knows hat a persons clothing reveals much about character and personality and that shabbiness implies laziness and poverty. Washing, sewing, and ironing allow women not only to project their status but also their productivity and self-worth. Neatness in appearance also corresponds to the communitys perception of a womans sexual respectability and morality. Organized, productive, well-groomed women appear competent and in control and consequently have much less chance of falling under suspicion of having had illicit relationships with men. The mother therefore stresses the importance of dress and appearance to save the daughter from a life of isrespect. Symbols Benna Antiguan folksongs, or benna, symbolize sexuality, a subject the mother fears her daughter already knows too much about. Historically, native Antiguans sangbenna to secretly spread scandalous rumors and gossip under the uncomprehending British peoples noses. Singing benna in Sunday school, therefore, represents not only disobedience but also sinful, forbidden knowledge that cant be discussed openly in public, let alone in church. Even though the daughter may not consciously equate benna with sexuality as her mother does, her protestations nevertheless uggest she knows full well bennas seductive power, mystique, and forbidden qualities.

Verbal and Non Verbal Communication

Introduction Culture influences the way people behave. It is thus important to understand it in relation to global work place where professional communication is employed as well as at personal interactions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Verbal and Non Verbal Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Every country that has Multinational Corporation and other businesses dealing with international firms should recognize the fact that cross-cultural differences have a negative impact on the business communication (Hall, 1976). This paper is going to study Americans communication style and how it affects verbal and nonverbal communication style of other cultures. In addition, it is going to look at how their communication patterns are evident in the workplace and in the personal interactions. Moreover, the similarities between American culture and other communication cultures will be discussed. Finally the pap er will conclude by giving recommendations on how to deal with cultural differences in the business and personal interactions. The Cultural Patterns Attributed to American Culture Direct communication is one attribute associated with American communication culture. Americans believe that an individual ought to say what they mean and mean what they say. For them, the conversation whether formal or informal should be direct to the point. Reading between the lines during conversations is discouraged. In addition, people should uphold honesty in any communication. To them, other people’s feelings are not concerned; their concern is usually the truth. American communication culture is the low context culture, that is, it is usually individualistic in that in the conversation, they believe that people are not very much conversant with the agenda. The conversation should thus be explicitly spelled out. In addition, they prefer verbal communication more than nonverbal communication. To them, nonverbal cues result to misunderstanding. For this reason face and its expressions are less important in communication. They believe that giving and receiving information is the ultimate goal of the communication. They also encourage criticism and confrontations during conversation. Unlike other communication cultures, American values the purpose of communication or the task rather than the person. This is to mean that they don’t emphasize on the establishing personal relationships but they dwell on getting the job done. The American Business communication style encourages them to discuss issues directly. They believe in talking less without wasting time. Moreover, the Americans are polite and friendly but do not keep relationship for a long time. They also use a lot of protocols in their language.Advertising Looking for essay on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Americans communica tion culture is comprised of verbal communication. It is usually task centered and involved the key personnel only. They meet to make decisions and do not consider relationships at all. They do not consult wide sources of information and thus the process is fast Cultural Patterns in the Workplace and Personal Interactions The American cultural patterns are normally evident in their work place and at the personal interactions. In the work place, the Americans do not like discussing issues openly. For this reason, they are seen as aggressive and rude by other cultures. Time management is also valued in their communication culture. They thus discourage verbosity in their speeches in both the workplace and personal interactions settings. This is because they see it as wasting of time. Their culture is also evident during business meetings. That is, they usually tackle the agenda or the issue at hand directly. To them this is a sign of positive progress while to other cultures it is seen as meaningless discussion. In some occasions it may be seen as a way of brushing off the discussion (Hofstede, 1980). When you meet the Americans for the first time either in formal or informal setting, they are usually friendly and polite. This is seen in their language in which they are usually concerned with the other party’s welfare. However, at later stages one realizes that it was just a protocol and they are not seeking long time relationship. Moreover, Americans ask more personal questions in conversations. This is to mean that when it comes to private affairs they are open as compared to other cultures. This may sometimes be problematic since when involved at young relationships, other cultures may interpret it as intrusiveness. Similarities and Differences My cultural behaviors conform to that of Americans when I employ both verbal and nonverbal messages when conveying a meaning. In this way, there is no miscommunication since the Americans understand messages effe ctively in presence of words. The two communicating cultures get along when I use direct and informal methods of communication. This is because they are not forced to read between the lines to understand the meaning. To them an effective communication entails putting everything on the table and speaking openly about an issue.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Verbal and Non Verbal Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ineffective communication is also evident when dealing with the Americans. For instance, when it comes to saving a face, for my communication culture, face is important. This means that at no any time does my culture allow confrontation or criticism. This is because it is seen as embarrassing the other person. This is unlike the Americans behavior. To them, face is not important. Their concern is on the task of communication. They thus confront or criticize hence embarrassing others. My cult ure also communicate in groups especially to those people they are close to. The communication is always intensive. That is, it is usually comprised of wide and detailed information. This is not the case with Americans. Their communication is basically at personal or individual level. They give information that is only necessary for their work environment. The professional communication in my culture is thus effective. This is because we are formal and plan our meetings on time. Moreover, we attend meetings once we have agreed on something. The Americans are informal and usually meet without having made the decision on a particular issue. Conclusions In intercultural environment, effective communication can be attained by understanding other people’s culture. This means that they know what is expected of them while communicating. This includes the tone, language in terms of formality and body posture when talking to different people. The key point in having an effective commu nication in a cross-cultural environment; is to understand other people’s cultures and the things that make the difference between your culture and theirs (Moran, 1991). An individual should be aware of differences that are as a result of different cultural background. First, one should be aware of contextual differences. These are brought about by different cultural contexts. They are associated with interpretation of messages during communication. In such a case, an individual should be able to differentiate a high and low culture context. For example my communication is high context. For this reason we value and emphasize on non verbal communication unlike Americans who prefer verbal communication. Secondly, one should be aware of social differences as well as non- verbal differences. Socially, one has to know how to behave while communicating. In addition, one should be able to understand the meaning conveyed by non-verbal communications. This depends on different cultura l environment. References Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond Culture. Garden City, NY: Anchor/Doubleday.Advertising Looking for essay on communication strategies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values.Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. Moran, R. T. (1991). Successful international business negotiations. Houston: Gulf. This essay on Verbal and Non Verbal Communication was written and submitted by user Kabuk1 to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Ethical and Professional Issues in Psychology Essay Example

Ethical and Professional Issues in Psychology Essay Example Ethical and Professional Issues in Psychology Essay Ethical and Professional Issues in Psychology Essay Taking a critical view of the qualifications required for administering psychotherapy: shedding light on why the yoga practice and Eastern philosophies are not considered therapies whereas humanism and positive psychology are accredited. Ethical and Professional Issues in Psychology 2/1 1/2014 Clatter-Suzanne sore (561993 (M)) Selene vela (390593 (M)) Emilie coupled (68225 (A)) Introduction Academically, an individual becomes a psychologist after completing a first degree in psychology, a masters program in a specific psychological field, and a further program set to acquire a work warranty as a professional. Furthermore, to be a psychologist, one must encompass 5 cardinal values (PAP, 2010). These values are beneficence and malefaction, fidelity and responsibility, integrity, Justice, respect for peoples rights and dignity (PAP, 2010). Once a psychologist adheres to the aforementioned academic achievements and ethical codes, they are authorized to engage in psychotherapeutic practice. The main focus of this paper will be to analyses the principle of humanism and positive psychology In relation to unaccredited Eastern philosophies and the yoga practice that have synonymous benefits to psychotherapy, but are delivered by different professionals/non-professionals. Initially the focus will be on humanistic psychology and positive psychology, followed by specific values of the humanistic theory in relation to the practice of psychotherapy. This will be followed by an analytic view point of mindfulness based therapies. In addition we will attempt to delve into aspects of how one can quantify the emotional benefit derived from the aforementioned practices, the scientific benefits of the yoga practice, and finally, consider the use of intuition in clinical practice and Eastern philosophy. Humanistic Psychology and Positive Psychology The main objective of humanistic psychology is to aid individuals in achieving the potential within the individual that is present at birth. This highlights and alms to develop dignity and self-worth of each individual, and thus promotes their authenticity (Ragman, 2008). In therapy It Is the clients perception that Is emphasized so that the therapist can fully conceptualize the clients subjective experience of their current Internal state (Corey, 2013). Furthermore, the psychologist that allows self-exploration even after the required therapy sessions have been employed (Corey, 2013). In the same way, positive psychology is a model which highlights the value of being hopeful, spiritual, wise, responsible and resilient in everyday life (Cone Teen, 2010). Positive psychology focuses on the adaptive, creative and intrinsic motivation in the lives of individuals. It is specified to address the optimal functioning of ordinary people and their everyday lives, highlighting their positive attributes not only within themselves but also within the community (Sheldon King, 2001). One of the main shortcomings of such an approach is that the psychologist is required to possess a certain degree of maturity along with life experience, extensive training and comprehensive knowledge of existentialism (Corey, 2013). Thus, one might argue whether the academic achievements achieved through the psychologists previous training are enough to validate the psychotherapeutic methods they offer. In Mascots self-actualization theory he produces a schema that the humanistic biology that makes up an individual is good or neutral. In Mascots hierarchy of needs, this humanistic biology is seen to derive its energy from deficiency needs and growth needs (Rickrack, 2008). The hierarchy starts with a base level of physiological needs, moving on to safety needs, belongingness and love needs, esteem needs and finally self-actualization and growth needs. According to Mascots humanistic approach people who are self- actualities are problem-centered, are interested in taking on projects that benefit others and tend to feel a greater sense of personal accomplishment. The character of self-actualities people is generally non-critical, detached from the dominant culture but they adhere to societys rules. Self-actualities people are able to understand heir own shortcomings and are willing to seek assistance or guidance when their personal inventory of knowledge is limited (Rickrack, 2008). If humanistic psychologists view the essentially most developed aspect of an individual to be based on a foundation of six steps that need to be achieved before reaching their full potential, one would argue on how it is possible to have nothing and really have everything. Examples of such a postulation are characters such as Mother Theresa. Thus, adopting a critical perspective, one can argue whether it is actually possible to measure self-actualization. If it not possible to measure self-actualization, then how is humanistic psychology different to eastern philosophy in terms of statistical validity? In the spectrum of therapies used in humanism, mindfulness based therapy is one of the accredited psychotherapeutic domains for psychological intervention. Mindfulness is the concept of being aware of your own cognitive and affective state of mind. Mindfulness allows one to be totally in the present moment, without passing judgment, and maintaining an earnest attitude to their current state and mental processes (Burks Kabobs,2012). When considering mindfulness based psychotherapy, and eastern meditation, the main difference is that mindfulness based psychotherapy can be quantified using MASS and other scales. The MASS measures the amount of instances in which individuals enter a mindful state (Brown Ryan,2003). After mindfulness based psychotherapy, the MASS : Mindful Attention Awareness Scale reveals that this intervention is associated with lower expression of neurotics, anxious and depressive feelings as well as negative affectively. In fulfillment, dignity and self-actualization. Furthermore, it also corresponded to higher autonomy, competency and relatedness; all of which constitute the basic tenets underlying self-determination theory (Brown Ryan, 2003). In addition, mindfulness also corresponds to Openness to experience as explained in the Big Five. However, since openness to experience is in itself indefinable, the validity of mindfulness being a part of the spectrum is open to interpretation (Costa McCrae, 1992; as cited in Brown Ryan, 2003). This means that the essential difference between a psychotherapist initiating mindfulness based psychotherapy and a practitioner of Eastern philosophy initiating meditation is that a psychotherapist has the tools for identifying and interpreting the resulting outcomes of the therapy. Mindfulness- based cognitive therapy (AMBIT) is an intervention derived from Kebab-Zions (1990) 8 week group treatment program aimed at reducing stress, and involves components of cognitive behavioral therapy. The objective of this therapy is for the treatment of depression and to increase awareness of personal and negative thoughts. The therapist assigns specific tasks which enable the client to apply skills learned in the hereby room into the external environment (Corey, 2013). Another mindfulness based approach emphasizes acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) which focuses on increasing non-judgmental awareness and acceptance rather than attempting to alter the individuals cognitive state (Corey, 2013). Consequently, mindfulness highlights the importance of being in the present moment rather than formulating an ideology of self-judgment and criticism (Carson Longer, 2006). In light of this information, one may ask: how can we say that mindfulness based psychotherapy is better or different to meditation? Potential describes meditation as a mental saddens (practice) which leads one to a ashamed paranoia which means a transformation towards tranquility. Meditation is said to lead a person to a balanced state of mind, and to provide spiritual attainment through observation and reflection of oneself (lounger, 2002). An evident distinction in mindfulness based therapies and Buddhist meditation is that the cognitive states when entering the intervention are different and distinct, however the resulting post-meditative state results in the same cognitive mindful awareness (Carson Longer (1989); as cited in Carson Longer, 2006)). This means that both types of intervention are technically different but are essentially leading to the same, focused, therapeutic result. This raises questions as to why psychologists need to be accredited to initiate mindfulness based therapeutic interventions, whereas practitioners of Eastern philosophy are using similar interventions without being regulated. Scientific Evidence of the Benefits of Yoga Derived from Eastern philosophy, Yoga was perceived by Westerns as a path to self- realization. According to Potential, yoga is made up of action, self-discipline, self- duty, and surrender to the divine. The physical (practice) asana focuses on taps; the desire to remove impurities from the body, spirit, and mind. This practice over many years will bring intelligence, and a full, vibrant life (lounger, 2002). The maintenance of the yoga practice provides benefits such as changes in perspective, increased self-awareness, and a general sense of energize motivation to live a positive, fulfilling life (Woodward, 2011). More recently and with the basis of scientific inquiry, Yoga is believed to provide physical and mental health benefits. It has Kandahar Verbally, 2012). The yoga practices combats the physiological fight or flight response in the autonomic nervous system, and thus provides the individual with the tools for dealing effectively with stresses, in order to continue to explore a more balanced state of cognition (Woodward, 2011). The yoga practice has been found to improve psychophysiology in individuals, as well as improve memory, cognition, and general well-being in any individuals life (Albuquerque et al. 2012). It is interesting to note that the scientific evidence provides us with a new perspective on owe we can lead individuals to a state of overall well-being in their life. Thus, if yoga is a practice that can be practiced by anyone, in order to benefit their well-being, and psychology benefits the general well-being of individuals life, then one would ask how ethical it is that psychology is not readily offered to all people, and yet yoga studios and meditation centers are largely available and at only a fraction of the cost of psychotherapy. This being said, among the values of psychology and yoga, one notable distinction is that one who attends a psychotherapeutic session is protected y the law, and their confidentiality and anonymity is preserved throughout treatment. Other techniques derived from particular aspects of the yoga practice are loving-kindness meditation and compassion meditation. Loving-kindness meditation (ELK) is a clinical technique used to instill a sense of profound loving compassion in the client for all those that surround him/her throughout their life (Grossman, Hint Hofmann, 2011). Another technique used in line with ELK is compassion meditation (CM) which is meditation that centers on empathic feelings towards others who have been subject to misfortune in their lives. The result of the therapies together do not necessarily create a compassionate psyche, however, they present the individual with the tools to be curious of their own personal feelings, and cultivate compassion in moments of anger, thus preserving the individuals current state of peace, and not allowing external disturbances to affect the individuals state (Grossman, Hint Hofmann, 2011). This therapy, directly derived from Buddhist tradition allows an individual to cultivate feeling of gratitude and kindness towards oneself, and eventually understanding that these feelings are universal in all human nines, and thus the kindness and compassion is shared with others (Grossman, Hint Hofmann, 2011). Scientific evidence proves that the techniques of ELK and CM are effective interventions when clients are exposed to interpersonal issues, depression, anxiety, problems in their marriage, problems with anger management, and issues relating to the stresses of carving (Grossman, Hint Hofmann, 2011). Considering he physical and emotional benefits of the yoga practice in mind, a grey area arises within the construct of the ethical code for psychologists due to the act that not all psychologists may be informed of the benefits of this practice, and thus may not use these therapies to intervene when these therapies could be the most effective in the situation. This raises issues to whether a clinical practitioner can really be 100% ethical in their practice and choice of treatment. Intuition In clinics, professional psychologists are known to make use of intuitive processing of clinician uses this approach to direct therapeutic intervention and to form cognitions on the clients current situation. Intuition itself can be described as a process of ensign or attaining information from the external environment in order to make an informed decision or postulation about the internal current or future states that will develop within the client. Predisposing factors in the personality of the clinician will lead to a definite bias in the perception of pattern of observed behavior or cognition in clients, which leads to an intuitive Judgment (Welling, 2005). The four main phases of intuitive processing are detection phase (inception of a feeling) (Erik, 1948; as cited in Welling, 2005), dichotomy awareness phase (awareness of feeling), related object hash (cognitive postulation with an unclear emotional state) and metaphorical solution phase (concrete evaluation of emotional processing). When one analyses the intuitive processing that occurs within psychologists one can conclude that the manner in which an intuitive Judgment is formed cannot be quantified and thus cannot be scientifically proven. This lack of empirical evidence raises ethical concerns about whether a clinical psychologist is any better to a practitioner of Eastern philosophy who uses intuition based techniques throughout their practice. This Ewing said, clinicians need to be aware of any ethical dilemmas that may occur within client interactions in order to protect the well-being of their clients. A main issue of concern is that wrong intuitive Judgment can lead to unnecessary treatment processes. Conclusion When one looks at the many different psychological therapies that are based on derivatives of eastern philosophy, one is subject to question how we can devastate eastern philosophy as something that is not scientific and does not feature in a psychotherapeutic setting. It is interesting to note that from such an analytic view mint, it becomes increasingly aware of the possibility of viewing both psychology and eastern philosophy from scientific and unscientific, unaccredited stand points. This postulating raises significant dilemmas in the practice of psychology, as the practitioner needs to always keep informed and analyses their actions carefully in order to conform to ethical codes of conduct and not range into the unscientific aspects of psychology. Essentially, we can conclude that the use of psychotherapeutic methods and their benefits can be perceived and adapted to different cultures, and ore importantly, to individual needs. Thus, it is the prerogative of a qualified psychologist to integrate their academic knowledge, comply with ethical codes, and apply the most effective therapies for the context and always keep the clients best interest as the foundation for the therapeutic process.

One Easy Way To Deepen Any Emotional Moment - Freewrite Store

One Easy Way To Deepen Any Emotional Moment - Freewrite Store As storytellers, we become very aware of certain buzzwords as they tend to be threaded into most writing articles, workshops, and how-to books. Show don’t tell, tension, conflict, backstory†¦these are all important concepts that come up again and again because they don’t belong in one box labelled â€Å"Plot† or â€Å"Character.† Of these buzzwords, one stands above the rest: emotion. Emotion is the powerful current that flows through every part of our story, from the plot and characters to the setting, pacing, theme†¦and beyond. It touches everything, giving all layers of our story a deeper meaning, and most importantly of all, it connects readers to our characters via empathy. If we can’t create that empathy link where readers feel emotionally invested in what’s happening, the book will close and the reader will move on. So learning how to write emotion well is probably our top job as writers. The key to empathy is really very simple: draw from the real world in a way that creates an instant (and powerful) sense of emotional recognition. In other words, write about things that are true to life and important to readers. Things they themselves have experienced and felt. In this way, we can encourage â€Å"shared experiences† where the reader isn’t just following along, but actively engaging to the point where they feel something deep and meaningful themselves. There are many ways to sharpen the emotional impact of a scene. Here’s one that is often overlooked. Emotions In Conflict If there’s one thing we know about the real world, it is that life is never simple, and this trickles right down to our basic emotions. Life would be so much easier if we could always define exactly what we feel in every moment, and be able to act on these emotions. The thing is, often we can’t because we are feeling several things at once, and of these, some are in conflict. Let’s look at a familiar scenario for writers: You’ve worked like crazy to hone your craft. You’ve read novels by the bookcase, put hundreds of hours in front of the keyboard, taken workshops, joined critique groups, studied and queried, and finally†¦you’ve sold your first book! All the hard work and the heartache along the way was worth it: a contract, an advance, a release date. Huzzah! You should feel ecstatic at attaining your goal, right? Yeah†¦no.    Instead, you feel a mixture of joy, pride, vindication, worry, doubt, and fear. Why? Because while your passion and dedication paid off, now you’re faced with what’s next: a contract means expectations, responsibilities, and deadlines. What if you blow the edits? What if the book fails to sell well? What if you screw up the follow-up book your publisher also contracted?Suddenly this crowning achievement also becomes a trip into the deepest reaches of your insecurity as you question whether you’re ready for the stress and pressure of the task ahead.   Conflicting emotions are part of our every day, making them part of the reader’s every day, too. During any emotional moment, we feel a range of things. And yet often in fiction, the emotional experience we deliver is one-note, a single emotion. We describe the character as being happy though body language, internal sensations, dialogue, and POV thoughts. Or, if we provide an emotional range, it is a complementary one, where we show a character happy and grateful and peaceful all rolled into one. Emotional experiences are usually complex, and contain both positive and negative elements. A character buying their first car is probably almost jittery-excited to drive it off the lot so they can cruise by their friend’s house and show it off. But if we dig deeper, maybe instead of going full-out, pedal to the floor, they’re driving a bit more cautiously. Why? Because getting into an accident isn’t an option. They extended themselves all the way to buy this car and can’t afford to replace it. In fact, maybe the euphoric rush of this new radical ride dims a little as they start to worry about how to afford the payments. The character doesn’t always get along with his boss, and while he gripes about work (what twenty-something doesn’t?) now maybe he has a bit of newfound gratitude toward his employer. The character realizes he’s lucky to have the job, and maybe he should put in more effort to make sure he keeps it.   Like this situation, emotions affect thought and action.When conflicting emotions are involved, it creates a mesmerizing push-and pull effect that readers latch onto because they know exactly what it’s like to feel opposing things and the dilemmas that sometimes result. Your Turn! The next time you sit down to write the emotional progression of a scene, challenge yourself to include some of the other emotions bubbling beneath the surface. Showing a few hints of conflicting behavior (such as wanting to let ‘er rip to see what a new car is capable of but driving sensibly instead) can be a natural gateway allowing you to introduce opposing emotions to readers. Angela Ackerman is a writing coach, international speaker, and co-author of five bestselling books including, The Emotion Thesaurus: A Writer’s Guide to Character Expression. Her popular guides are available in six languages, are sourced by US universities, and are used by novelists, screenwriters, editors, and psychologists around the world. Angela is also the co-founder of the popular site Writers Helping Writers, as well as One Stop for Writers, an innovative online library filled with tools and resources to help writers elevate their storytelling. She would love you to visit sometime, and registration is always free.